China's introduction of new regulations for monitoring the quality of cultivated land, cultivated land is good or not, regularly to report

The Ministry of Agriculture recently issued the "Measures for the Investigation, Monitoring and Evaluation of Cultivated Land Quality", proposing policies and measures to strengthen the protection and improvement of cultivated land quality, and comprehensively promote the construction of cultivated land quality investigation, monitoring and evaluation systems. In the future, the Ministry of Agriculture and provincial agricultural departments will release information on the quality grade of cultivated land in the national and provincial administrative regions every five years, and regularly release annual cultivated land quality monitoring reports.

The quality of cultivated land presents the trend of "three major" and "three low"

Zeng Yande, director of the Planting Industry Department of the Ministry of Agriculture, introduced that my country's long-term high-intensity, overloaded use of arable land, degradation, pollution, and decline in basic soil fertility have become key factors restricting the sustainable development of agriculture and the improvement of comprehensive food production capacity. To strengthen the protection of cultivated land quality, we must first establish a cultivated land quality investigation and monitoring system and carry out cultivated land quality evaluation to find out the quality of cultivated land in China.

What is the general situation of the quality of cultivated land that has been mastered? Zeng Yande said, on the whole, the current quality of cultivated land in China shows a "three big" and "three low" situation. The "three major" refers to the large proportion of medium-and low-yield fields, with the area of medium-and low-yield fields accounting for more than 70 percent; the area of cultivated land quality degradation is large, with the proportion of cultivated land degradation in the country accounting for more than 40 percent; the area of polluted cultivated land is large, and the national cultivated land soil pollution point exceeds the standard rate by 19.4 percent. "Three low" refers to low organic matter content, low grade of supplementary cultivated land and low basic soil fertility.

According to reports, since the middle and late last century, the Ministry of Agriculture has successively organized and carried out two national soil surveys, which have systematically grasped the characteristics of my country's soil resources and accumulated a large amount of data. Agricultural departments at all levels have established more than 10000 cultivated land quality monitoring points, formulated relevant technical regulations for cultivated land quality investigation, monitoring and evaluation, and a series of relevant standards for soil testing, forming a relatively complete technical standard system. In addition, in recent years, through the implementation of soil testing and formula fertilization, the protection and improvement of cultivated land quality, the protection and utilization of black soil in Northeast China, and the treatment and restoration of heavy metal contaminated cultivated land in Hunan, some relevant data have also been mastered.

Will speed up the construction of cultivated land quality monitoring network

Li Rong, director of the Soil and Fertilizer Monitoring Division of the National Agricultural Technology Extension Center, introduced that the "Measures for Monitoring and Evaluation of Cultivated Land Quality Survey" released this time proposed the establishment of cultivated land quality survey, monitoring, evaluation and information release systems. The cultivated land quality survey system includes three types of surveys, such as general survey of cultivated land quality, special survey and emergency survey. Cultivated land quality monitoring takes the Ministry of Agriculture and local cultivated land quality monitoring institutions as the main body, supplemented by the cultivated land quality monitoring stations of scientific research and teaching units, to carry out dynamic monitoring of the quality changes of cultivated land, such as soil physical and chemical properties and nutrient status. The cultivated land quality evaluation system includes six categories: cultivated land quality grade evaluation, cultivated land quality monitoring evaluation, cultivated land quality evaluation in specific areas, cultivated land quality specific index evaluation, new cultivated land quality evaluation and cultivated land quality emergency investigation evaluation.

According to reports, the agricultural department has fully started the summary and evaluation of regional cultivated land quality in key agricultural areas across the country. At present, it has completed the summary and evaluation of cultivated land quality in 0.2 billion mu of wheat and corn rotation area in North China, 0.45 billion mu of black soil area in Northeast China, and 0.15 billion mu of main rice producing areas in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River, as well as the special investigation and evaluation of cultivated land quality in rice, rape, soybean and corn producing areas, we are deepening the quality evaluation of 0.23 billion mu of cultivated land in Northwest China and the special investigation and evaluation of cultivated land quality in potato and cotton producing areas. This year, we have officially launched the regional summary evaluation of cultivated land quality in the Yangtze River Delta.

It is recognized in the industry that the cultivated land quality monitoring network is the basis for the monitoring and evaluation of cultivated land quality. In the next step, the Ministry of Agriculture will give priority to setting up a certain number of cultivated land quality monitoring points in project areas such as the pilot of the cultivated land rotation and fallow system, the pilot of the protection and utilization of black land in Northeast China, the comprehensive treatment of groundwater overexploitation in North China, and the treatment and restoration of heavy metal contaminated cultivated land in Hunan. At the same time, actively strive for investment, and strive to build a cultivated land quality monitoring network covering the main soil types of the country during the "13th Five-Year Plan" period, focusing on the main grain producing areas, grain production functional areas and important agricultural product production protection areas.